Tool for installing inserts



May l, 1951 J. RosAN 2,550,853

Toor. FOR INSTALLING INSERTS Filed May 11, 194e 2 sheets-sheet'l INVENTOR.

,47'7'0QA/En May l, 1951 J. RosANv TOOL FOR INSTALLING INSERTS Filed May l1, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 z'fosfP/-lf @05AM JNVENToR.

Patented May 1, 1951 UNI TED STATES PATENT OFFI-CE vTOOL vFOR INSTALLIN G INSERTS Joseph Rosan, North Hollywood, Calif.

Application May v11, 1946, Serial No. 669,059

(Cl. 8l-53) 9 Claims. l

The present invention relates to anew and improved means andmethod for-installing threaded inserts-.or studs of the type rshownand described `in my United States Patent No. 2,409,318, granted May 14, 1946, into a .parent body of different material, and is more particularly concerned with a tool `for inserting such inserts or studs to `an exactly Vpredetermined depth with respect .to .the surface ofthe parent material.

Inserts of the type referred to are widely used whereverit is necessary to secure screws or bolts to apart made of any material that is soft or otherwise unsuited to have said screws threaded Ydirectly into tapped holes in the parent body. Such inserts are usually made of steel and are in 'the nature of tubularsleeves which are threaded which, being of a hard material, is capable of withstanding repeated insertion and removal of the screw or bolt without damage. Studs of the type referred to in my aforesaid patent are llike the described inserts, excepting that they comprise externally threaded cylindrical bodies provided with projecting threaded studs. They present the same installation problems as the tubular inserts, and for convenience will hereinafter refer chiefly to the tubular inserts.

In the installation of these inserts, it is essential that the end of the insert be either flush with or slightly below the surface of the parent material to avoid interference with yany parts which may subsequently be drawn up tight against such surface. To insure against any such interference, it is preferable that they be installed below said surface. Accordingly., one of the primary objects of the present invention is the provision of a tool which will enable quick and easy installation of the inserts to a uniform and exact predetermined depth with respect to the surface of the parent material.

Another aspect of the invention relates to the provision of a simple and inexpensive tool having means capable of adjustment for installing the inserts 'to any desired depth within the Llimits of the tool.

A further object ofthe invention has todo with the provision of a tool Vfor installing studs of the type hereinbefore mentioned so that the top end of the serrated collar thereon is located a predetermined distance below the surface of the parent material.

These and other objects and advantages will become apparent to those skilled inthe art `after consideration of the following detailed description of certain selected typical embodiments thereof, reference being had to the appended drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a tool embodying the principles of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional View of the same,showing the tool being used to install an insert into the parent material;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modied form of the invention for installing studs into the parent material;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken through another modified form of vmy invention in which means are provided for varying the depth of the insert;

Fig. 5 is va sectional View, taken along the line 5 5 in Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of another embodiment ofthe invention, showing another arrangement for adjusting the depth 'of 'the insert.

The illustrative form of the invention shown in Figs. l and 2 willbe taken up Erst, and in 'these figures, the reference number IIJ designates the tool in its entirety, while at 'I'I is .shown an insert of the type adapted to be installed by the tool. The insert II is in the form of a tubular sleeve having internal threads i2 `and external threads t3. The external .threads I3 terminate somewhat short of the top end `I4 of the insert, and formed around the outer circumference of the top end I4 is a serrated head or collar IB, the serrations of which extend axially as shown in Fig. 1.

The insert il is adapted te be installed `into a tapped hole le which is formed in a body 29 of .parent material. The insert- I I .may be made of steel, brass, bronze, or any other suitable mau` terial, and is adapted to be installed into a tapped hole i6 in a paren-t body of any dissimilar material such as plastic, wood, aluminum or magnesium alloys, or other materials having physical characteristics which preclude the use or bolts or studs screwed directly into the material. The parent material is first drilled` and tapped for the insert and then counterbored at 2i toa depth slightly greater than 'the length of the collar I5. The diameter of the counterbore `2I exceeds the maximum diameter of the serrated collar I5 su'iciently to afford ample clearance around the collar, but is made slightly less than the maximum diameter of an internally and externally serrated locking ring (not shown) so that when the latter is forced into the counterbore, the

outer serrations or splines thereon broach their way into the surface of the parent material. The chips cut out of the parent material by the teeth of the locking ring fall into the lower section of the counterbore. Pressure of the surrounding material causes the locking ring to close in upon the serrated collar tightly and to take up all tolerances, making a perfectly solid and permanent unit of the two parts which are thus virtually an integral part of the parent material. The locking ring is shown in my aforementioned patent and as mentioned previously, is serrated inside and out; the inside serrations mating with the serrations on the collar I5 of the insert, while the outside serrations or splines are sharp-edged at their bottom ends to enable the ring to broach its way into the parent material.

Experience has shown that the best results are obtained when the top end I4 of the insert is installed to a depth of approximately .010'l below the surface 22 of the parent material, as indicated at 23 in Fig. 2. This clearance provided by displacing the end I4 of the insert below the surface 22 is necessary to accommodate the elastic deformation of the insert under high stress, as weil as the compressive yield of the parent body around the margin of the counterbore, and insures freedom at all times from interference wih any part which may subsequently be drawn up tight against the parent body.

My improved tool I for installing the inserts to the exact depth specified comprises an elongated, hexagonal body 26 having wrench faces 21 on its outer surfaces. At the bo.tom end of the body 26 is an axially projecting cylindrical sleeve or annular flange 28, the outside diameter of which is slightly less than the diameter of the counterbore 2| so that it may be inserted freely down into the counterbore.

The wrench body 26 is hollow, the interior comprising an upper cylindrical bore section 30 and a lower bore section 3| of reduced diameter. The lowerbore section 3| is broached out to form `internal serrations which match the serrations on the collar I of the insert so that said collar can be received within the bore 3| and slidably moved therealong. Cooperating with the wrench body 26 is a bolt 32 having a knurled head 33 at the top end of a shank portion 34. At the bottom end of the shank portion 34 is a threaded stud 35 of reduced diameter which is adapted to be screwed into the internal threads I2 of the insert II.

The method of using the tool I0 is as follows: A downwardly facing annular shoulder 36 is formed at the juncture of the stud 35 with the shank 34, serving as a gage stop against which the end I4 of the insert is drawn up snugly preparatory to installation. Inasmuch as the end I4 of the insert and the shoulder 33 now lie in the same plane, it is evident that the depth to which the insert is installed is determined by the'position of the shoulder 36 when the installing operation has been completed. To this end, the length of the shank 34 of the bolt 32, measured from the shoulder 36 to the bottom face 38 rof the knurled head 33, is made exactly .010 longer than the hexagonal portion of the wrench body 26, measured from the shoulder 31 formed at the juncture of the body 26 with the flange 28 to the top end 39 of the body. Thus, when the bolt head 33 is drawn down against the top end 0f the wrench body, and the shoulder 31 is in abutting relation with the surface 22 of the parent body, the shoulder 3B and top end I4 of the insert are located exactly .010 below the plane of surface 22. The serrated collar I5 of the insert is rst inserted into the serrated bore 3| of the wrench bodir 2G and the stud 35 of the bolt 32 is then engaged in the internal threads I2 and turned until the top end I4 of the insert is drawn up tightly against the shoulder 36 formed at the junction of the shank 34 with the stud 35. The bottom end of the insert is then engaged in the tapped hole I6 in the parent body and the wrench I0 turned until the shoulder 31 formed at the junction of the sleeve 28 with the wrench body 26 is drawn up tight against the surface 22 of the parent body. The knurled head 33 of the bolt is then backed out of the insert, whereupon the wrench body 2S can be withdrawn axially from its engagement with the serrated collar I5 of the insert. The locking ring (not shown) is then led onto the serrated collar I5 and is pressed or driven in flush with either the surface 22 of the parent body or with the end I4 of the insert, broaching its way into the walls of the counterbore as it goes, as described more fully in my aforementioned patent.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that my improved tool provides an inexpensive, but at the same time, highly accurate means for installing the inserts to the exact depth desired, in the instance described, such depth being .010 below the surface.

Another embodiment of my invention, illustrated in Fig. 3, employs the same principles for installing studs into the parent material so that the serrated collar on the stud is recessed below the surface of the parent material to the desired depth. Parts of this embodiment which are identical to those of the previous construction have been given the same reference numerals, with suffix a added. n this form, the hexagonal wrench body 26a is the same as in the preceding construction, but the bolt 34a, instead of having a stud 35 at the bottom end thereof, is drilled and tapped at 42 to receive the threaded projecting end 43 of a stud 44. The bottom end portion 45 of the stud is preferably of larger diameter than the top end 43 and is threaded to fit the tapped hole i3d in the parent body. Intermediate the top and bottom portions 43, 45 is a serrated collar 46 which is adapted to receive a serrated locking ring (not shown) in the same manner as the insert collar I 5. In this instance, it is desired to install the studs so that the top end 50 of the collar 46 is recessed below the surface 22a of the parent body. Accordingly, the shank 34a of the bolt is made .010" longer than the hexagonal body portion 20a of the wrench so that when the surface 53 is drawn up tight against the bottom end 5| of the bolt, and the stud is turned down into the hole l 6a until the shoulder 31a. is drawn up tight against the surface 22a, the top end 50 of the collar will then be recessed to the exact depth desired, namely, .010 below the level of the surface 22a. When the stud has been installed, the bolt 32a is then backed off of the top portion thereof, and the wrench body 26 is then lifted axially out of the bore 2 Ia.

In the embodiment of my invention illustratedin Figs. 4 and 5, means are provided for adjusting the depth to which the inserts are tov be installed :where .conditions fare .such .as to Y.require moreor lessfthan the standard `;Cll0" displace- 1ment,.said .means comprisingxa :bushingor nut r55havingan axially-extendingsleeve E@ which .is ythreadedexternally .at 5l and adapted to be screwed into .an internally .threaded :portion 53 :at fthe :upper end of the bore 3819. IA vradial flange `6() Lat .the top yend of .the bushing rserves :as .a

lstop :for `the lmurled head .33h of the :bolt i321).

Thus, by turning the bushing down into `the .wrench body or backing the same out, itis possible to vary the effective length :of zthe wrench body, causing a correspondingly vertical displace- :ment 0f the gage shoulder 536i) with v.respect ito the surface 222) of the .parent body'when the :insert is installed.

The .bushing 55 is adapted to be secured dn :adjusted position by means .of .a.countersunk=set rscrew 62 which'may be passed through lany'fone of .a 'plurality of angularly spaced, axially '.extending holes 63 provided in the flange 26d, .said screw being threaded into a tapped hole 6d inrthe :top end 39h of the wrench body. In 'the embodiment illustrated, six holes are shown, permitting adjustment .of the Vinsert depth-teeny level in steps spaced apart 1/6 the lead of v:the thread 5i, `58. Obviously, if a ner adjustment `is required, more tapped holes ,64 can be -`provided'in the wrench body, said holes being yspaced to .give intermediate .points of adjustment.

The embodiment shown in 6 illustrates still another means for `securing adjustment .of the depth of installation of the insert. Inzth-is instance, a nut 68 having external threads. 59 is lscrewed into a threaded portion 'it in the bottom 1 Iend of the bore e of the wrench body. :At-the .bottom `end of the nut 68 is an axially projecting sleeve H the bottom end .1,2 of which formsla `gage shoulder against which the top endl-'dc of the insert is drawn. The nut is drilled for boredy centrally at 'E3 to pass the shank site Aof Athe bolt. In this case, however, the bolt :shan-l1; is not shouldered at the junction with the `.tin-sad- `ed stud .portions e, since such shoulderlis already provided by the bottom end 72 o'f the :nut

.68, but instead is provided with a thread relief 'I4 .extending upfrom the end of the ythreads tol-a point slightly above the shoulder i2 whereby fto linsure against interference of the vbolt shank with vthe insert Iwhen the latter is drawn up .against .the shoulder. Either end of the nut 63 .may be slotted or otherwise formed `to receive a wrench or screwdriver, for instance Vas indicated .at 63a, by means of which the nut can .be .turned to any adjusted position. The nut is .securedin'adjusted position by a set screw 15 which is screwed into a tapped hole 1.6 :in the side of the wrench body and presses a pellet 'li of lead or other soft material against the threads 6s, said pellet conforming to the thread contour and applying the pressure of the set screw 75 against .the same without damage thereto.

It is believed that the method of operation of my improved wrench and the advantageous features .thereof are clearly evident from the foregoing description and a further discussion of the same is not deemed necessary at this point. While I have shown and described in considerable detail what I believe to be the preferred forms of my invention, it is to 'be `understood that such detailed description is no't restrictive in any sense, but that various changes in the shape and arrangement'of the several parts may be made without departing from the broad framework of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

'said shoulder means and .said gage stop being :spaced vapart `longitudinally la :predetermined dis- :tance whereby .the top end Vof vsaid 'collar is posiitioned said .predetermined distance from the plane of said surface when said shoulder means 'is abutting said surface, and `means .on said 'tool whereby .a torsional .force vcan be applied to :said insert to turn the same down into said tapped hole.

"2. Atool for installing inserts of the type hav- .ing a iirst threaded lportion adapted to be screwed .into a tapped hole ina surface .of a `parent'fbody, 1a second threaded portion adapted to receive a 1 'complementary fastening element, and a `collar 'having longitudinally extending serrations there- .011, said tool comprising threaded means `engageable with said second threaded A.portion of the insert, a gage stopengageable with the top end .of said insert, a serrated vsocket on said tool engageable with the Vserrations on said collar to hold the insert against turning with respect .thereto, shoulder meanson saidv tool engageable with said surface of said parent body when `the insert is fully inserted,.said shoulder means and fsaid gage stop being .spaced apartilongitudinally a predetermined distance whereby the top rend uof said collar is `positioned `said predetermined distance from theplane of said surface when said shoulder means is abutting said surface, and means on saidtool whereby Ia torsional force lcan be applied to said insert to turn the same Adown into said tapped hole.

3. A tool for installing inserts of the type havfing a first threaded portion adapted to be screwed into a 'tapped hole in a surface of a parent body, rasecond vthreaded portion uadapted to receive a complementary fastening element, Vand a collar having longtiudinally extending serrations thereon, said tool comprising a Yhollow body having an :opening in the bottom end thereof adapted -to receive said collar, a bolt member extending cen-- trally through said body and having threaded lmeans at the bottom -end 4thereof engageable with said second threaded portion of the insert, said bolt being engageable with the top end of ysaid hollow body to limit `axial travel `thereof xwith respect to the body, a gage stop engageable with the top end of said insert, shoulder means at the bottom end of said body engageable with ithe surface of said parent body when the insert is fully inserted, said shoulder means and said gage stop being spaced Aapart Along-itm'iinally a ypredetermined -distance whereby the top end of said collar is positioned'said predetermined distance from the plane of said surface `when said shoulder means is abutting said surface, and means onvsaid tool whereby a torsional force can be applied to said insert to turn the same `down into saidtapped hole.

' 4. A tool -for installing tubular inserts of the type having external threads adapted to be screwed into a tapped hole in a surface of a parent body, internal threads adapted to receive a screw member, and a serrated collar at the top end thereof, said tool comprising a body -having a serrated opening in the bottom end thereof adapted to receive said collar and coact with the serrations thereon to hold said insert against relative turning, a gage stop engagea-,ble with the end of said insert, means engageable with said internal threads of the insert to draw the same against said gage stop, shoulder means on said tool engageable with the surface of said parent body when the insert is fuliy inserted, said shoulder means and said gage stop being spaced apart longitudinally a predetermined disstance whereby the top end of said collar is positioned said predetermined distance from the plane of said surface when said shoulder means is abutting said surface, and means on said tool whereby a torsional force can be applied to said insert to turn the same down into said tapped hole.

5. A tool for installing inserts of the type having a threaded portion adapted to be screwed into a tapped hole in a surface of a parent body, and a collar having locking formations thereon, said tool comprising a body having shoulder means engageable with the surface of said parent body when the insert is fully installed, a gage stop engageable with the outer end of said insert, means engageable with said insert to draw the same against said gage stop, means for varying the distance between said shoulder means and said gage stop whereby the top end of said col- .lar may be positioned at any desired level with respect to said surface when said shoulder means is abutting the surface, and means on said tool whereby a torsional force can be applied to said insert to turn the same down into said tapped hole.

6. A tool for installing inserts of the type having a rst threaded portion adapted to be screwed into a tapped hole in a surface of a parent body, a second threaded portion adapted to receive a complementary fastening element, and a collar having longitudinally extending serrations thereon, said tool comprising a hollow body hav-Y ing an opening in the bottom end thereof adapted to receive said collar, a bolt member extending centrally through said hollow body and having threaded means at the bottom end thereof engageable with said second threaded portions of the insert, said bolt member having a gage stop shoulder against which said insert is drawn, a Shoulder at the bottom end of said hollow body engageable with the surface of said parent body when the insert is fully inserted, and means adjustable longitudinally with respect to sai-d hollow body and engageable by said bolt member to locate said gage stop shoulder and abutting insert at a predetermined level with respect to said surface.

7. A tool for installing inserts of the type having a first threaded portion adapted to be screwed into a tapped hole in a surface of a parent body, a second threaded portion adapted to receive a complementary fastening element, and a collar having longitudinally extending serrations thereon, said tool comprising a hollow body having an opening in the bottom end thereoi^ adapted to receive said collar, a bolt member extending centrally through said hollow body and having threaded means at the bottom end thereof engageable with said second threaded portion of the insert, said bolt member having a gage stop shoulder against which said insert is drawn, a shoulder at the bottom end of said hollow body engageable with the surface of said parent body when the insert is fully inserted, a bushing member threaded into the upper end of said hollow body and adjustable longitudinally with respect thereto, said bolt member passing through said bushing member and engaging the top end thereof to locate said gage stop shoulder and abutting insert at a predetermined level with respect to said surface.

8. A tool for installing inserts of the type having a nrst threaded portion adapted to be screwed into a tapped hole in a surface of a parent body, a second threaded portion adapted to receive a complementary fastening element, and a collar` having longitudinally extending serrations thereon, said tool comprising a hollow body having an opening in the bottom end thereof adapted to receive said collar, a bolt member extending centrally through said hollow body and having threaded means at the bottom end thereof engageable with said second threaded portion of the insert, a, shoulder at the bottom end of said hollow body engageable with the surface of said parent body when the insert is fully in place, and means adjustable longitudinally with respect to said hollow body and engageable by said insert when the latter is drawn up by said bolt member to locate the insert at a predetermined level with respect to said surface.

9. A tool for installing inserts of the type having a first threaded portion adapted to be screwed into a tapped hole in a surface of a parent body, a second threaded portion adapted to receive a complementary fastening element, and a collar having longitudinally extending serrations thereon, said tool comprising a hollow body having an opening in the bottom end thereof adapted to receive said collar, a bolt member extending centrally through said hollow body and having threaded means at the bottom end thereof engageable with said second threaded portion of the insert, a shoulder at the bottom end of said hollow body engageable with the surface of said parent body when the insert is fully in place, and a nut disposed within the interior of said hollow body and having threaded engagement therewith, said nut being movable longitudinally with respect to said body and having a gage shoulder thereon engageable by the end of said insert when the latter is drawn up by said bolt member, said gage shoulder determining the location of the end of said insert with respect to said surface.

JOSEPH ROSAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,103,944 Gullborg Dec. 28, 1937 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 418,760 Great Britain Oct. 31, 1934 

